Rashford, who has 60 caps for England to his name, has not been in the international set-up since a friendly defeat to Brazil in March 2024.
But the 27-year-old - thriving on loan at Aston Villa from Manchester United - has played his way back into contention as England begin a new era under Tuchel.
Tuchel officially began his duties in January and has been considering a list of 55 players, which has also led him to the inclusion of Newcastle's Dan Burn and Arsenal's Myles Lewis-Skelly for the first time.
Burn, 32, has been an ever-present for this weekend's EFL Cup finalists, while versatile 18-year-old Lewis-Skelly has made a huge impression at Arsenal, earning regular starts at left-back under Mikel Arteta.
Also rewarded with another call-up is Morgan Rogers, who has starred throughout the season for Champions League quarter-finalists Aston Villa.
Rogers has been a mainstay in Unai Emery's Villa side and has made the cut again for England after being selected in November during Lee Carsley's stint in charge.
Missing out, however, is Jack Grealish with the 29-year-old struggling to earn minutes for a fluctuating Manchester City team this term.
Grealish has made just three substitute appearances in the Premier League since the turn of the year and was in the last England squad before withdrawing.
Harry Maguire, John Stones, Bukayo Saka, Kobbie Mainoo and Noni Madueke are all absent due to injuries.
England's first game under Tuchel is against Albania at Wembley on Friday, March 21st, to kick off their road to the World Cup in the USA, Canada and Mexico.
That is followed by another Group K fixture at home against Latvia three days later.
England squad:
Goalkeepers: Dean Henderson (Crystal Palace), Jordan Pickford (Everton), Aaron Ramsdale (Southampton), James Trafford (Burnley)
Defenders: Dan Burn (Newcastle), Levi Colwill (Chelsea), Marc Guehi (Crystal Palace), Reece James (Chelsea), Ezri Konsa (Aston Villa), Myles Lewis-Skelly (Arsenal), Tino Livramento (Newcastle), Jarell Quansah (Liverpool), Kyle Walker (AC Milan, loan from Manchester City)
Midfielders: Jude Bellingham (Real Madrid), Eberechi Eze (Crystal Palace), Jordan Henderson (Ajax), Curtis Jones (Liverpool), Cole Palmer (Chelsea), Declan Rice (Arsenal), Morgan Rogers (Aston Villa)
Forwards: Jarrod Bowen (West Ham), Phil Foden (Manchester City), Anthony Gordon (Newcastle), Harry Kane (Bayern Munich), Marcus Rashford (Aston Villa, loan from Manchester United), Dominic Solanke (Tottenham)